Internal-combustion engine.



, To all whom itmay concern.'

UNITED sTATEs Ii'ATENT oFFIoE.

FRANK MAUVICAR, F SYACUSE, NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-COMUSTION ENGINE.

Specvication ofLetters Patent.

.Patented Juli7 3, 1917.

Division led after grant of Patent No.'1.1815,516, granteiil-'Iay 30, 1916. 'This application l'tiled August 22, 191s. semina. 11o,a 1s.

l citizenjof the United States, residing at is to provide cammechanism for positively opening and closing either the intake or ex-. .haust valve of an engine of the class de'- scribed and at the same time prevent the closing cam from bottoming in case' any obstructing material such as carbon preventsv the valve from properly seating,`thereby avoiding the consequent actuating member.

A vfurther object of the invention is to provide yieldable means b etween the intake orexhaust valve and the closing cam thereforwhich will prevent the cam from bottomng and which will also insure continuous cooperative contact between the cam and valve actuating member,

The nature and advantages of the invention will be `thoroughly un erstood when the following description is taken 1n conbe actuated by said shaft.

nection with the accompanying drawings, the invention residing in the construction, combination 4and"arrangen'ient 'of parts as claimed. e

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 1s avlew partly 1n elevat'on and partly in section of the improvedvalve mechanism, showing the closed position of ,the valve.

Fig. 2 is a' similar view showing the position' of the parts when the valve is open.

Referring to the drawings 1 designates a rotary shaft, ordinarily termed the cani shaft.

In carrying out this invention, I employ a valve opening cam 2 and a valve closing cam 3. Both of these cams have a fixed rer lation to the shaftl so as to rotate with and Ordinarily the MAGVIUAR,

friction or binding' between the valve closing cam and the valve opening and closingcalus will he formed 1n tegrally wlth the 'shaft 1, in accordance with the present clay automobile practice in which the. valve opening cams are formedA integrally with the valve shaft.

The opening cam 2 hasjan' arcuate working face 4 of suioient lengthbnly to open 4 the valve and sustain the valvein an open position for a short period of time. The` closing cam has a working face 5 of much greater length for the' purpose of holding -the valve closed for a correspondingly greater' period of time. The closing cam 3 is also formed with a depression ,6 concaved or deepest at the center-Ins shown, th' purposeof which will presently appear.

Coopera-ting with the openingand closing cams 2 and 3, is a valve actuating member o r means shown as ycomprising an open "center frame or rectangular portion 7, a cas# ing 8, and ashank' or stem 9 which connect.

the parts 7 and 8 all of whichftherefore have a fixed, and' riglid relation tof each other. l`he part 7 of t'- e valve actuating member 1s provided on its inner face-with a projection 10 which is acted upon by theropening cam. 2 for the pur ose of unseating or'openfing the valve indicated t .1 1, 12 'representing the valve seat formed in a 4lined art 13 of the engine cylinder. The part `is also provided 'with another iiojection. 14

with which the closin earn 3 fcppifates to l close the valve ll. "le dpession winthe cam Bis'des'ignedti receive the projection 1.4 when the opening @am e is'cqpemung wlth the projection 10. 'f

The stem 15 oftlie valve extends 'into the casing 8 where it is surrounded By .an 'ex.v

pansion spivlng 16eme end 'of which bears against agulde plug 17 'shown as thrded into one end of V thecasing S to which it hasV a lfixed relation, while in operation. The upper end of the spring 16 bears against a sto'p18 shown inthe form of a nut threaded on the stem 15 and ca able of beivgadjusted longitudinally of t Ve valvel st fi 'for the purpose of increasing' or diminishing the 'tension or compressionl of said sprin e able thespring 16 thus constitutes `yi means for the purpose of preventing thef closing Vcam 3 yfrom4 btbommg, It A also serves to sustain the valve. 11 its l ignates ag'uide through which the shank.. .or stem 9 slides.

seat and to press said valve as far as possible toward 1ts seat in case any obstructing material such as'carbon becomes lodged between the working face of the valve and the working face of the valve'seat. 19 des- From the .foregoing description talren inl connection w1th the; accompanying drawings the operatlon of the valvemechanism will 'novi7 be understood. When the working 4faces of the 'valve andits sea't'arejclean, enabling [the valveto be properly seated, in rthe ro- 'tation' of the shaft 1, the opening cam -2 cooperates with the projection '10 to movethe .valve actuating -member in a direction to Fig. 2 andthereb -forcefthe valve'll toan openf'position. fterv the opening. cam 2 moves out of working relation to the projecillustrated in Fig. 1. In case any o structtion 10,-the closing cam 3 coperates with the t projectior'rA 14 to positively close the yvalve,.restoring the' parts inthe osition ing. meer Should .become lodged between 4ment, lthe yieldable means 16 permits the.v

the workingfaces of thevvalve and its seat,

so as =to preventfthfe valvek -from properly seating or completing afull return movevalve actuatingV member -cpmprising the parts 7'8 and 9 to continue'f'its movement and thus they opening cam 3 is revented orgin other words the opening cam is4 prevented from binding .o1- Jamming agalnst the projection-.14 and thereby creating excessive friction and consequent load upon thecam` shazft vand consequently upon the-` I crank shaft and other parts of the engine.

holding the valve against its( -seat during the time that the -closin -The spring 16a-lso holds the projections 10 and 14 in continuous working contact with the. opening Iand closing cams, whlle also cam is cooperating Wlwith the valve actuating member;v

f The invention as a whole is designed for engines of various types and particularly high speed engines. Irrespective of the speed at which the engine' is runnixg, the valve is positively opened 'and ele and* Vthe opening-and' closing momen# thm@ are: accurately'timed. The closing of the n 'valve does not depend upon the action of a' enHgne- 1n i l l common use. Furthermore 4such stl spring: .1, l

spring as is now the usual practice. Under the presentpzactice, a stiff' valve'closing' spring is necessarily ein loyed in order that the valve may be'quickl) the opening cam ceases to coperatetherewith; otherwise high speed could not be obtained inl the ordinary type of.

the cam shaft. 4The y-closed soon g throws la very considerable'. burden or \l0ad upon the cam shaft as the ,cam has to over-vv come the tension of saidspring every time' the, valve is moved to an open. position. This Idetracts from the power and efficiency of the engine and also lcauses rapidwear on resent invention overcomes the serious obJecti'on referred to, the valve being positively opened and closed with an easy motion and a minimum amount of' friction. vIt is impossible for the closing cam' to bottom or bind in relation to the valve actuating member.

Whatis claimed is; n

lq The combination -with an engine valve, of opening and closing cams for said valve,

va valve-actuating member common to both -of said cams and embodying independent contactingportions for said camsat opposite sides of the axis on which the cams turn, and yieldable means between said valve and valve-actuatingzmember, serving to prevent the closing cam from bottoming in .relation to the valve-actuating member,

`one ofV said cams havingla greater throw than the other for compressing and placingsaid yieldable means under tension. 2. The combination with an engine valve,

`of opening arldclsing cams :fo'rpsaid valve arranged-side by-'f" side, -a valve-actuatin memberf-cmmon to'both of Saud-cams, an

yielldable means serving to prevent-the closing cam from bottoming in relation to' the valve-actuating' member, one of saidv cams y f having a greater throw vthan the other for from bottoming against the projection 14 with respect to each other, a valve-'actuating l member commonto both of said cams, a

yieldable means serving to sustain the valveactuating member in working contact with the closing cam when the valve reaches the limitoffits closing movement,one 'of said- 4cams havinga greater throw than the other for compressing and placing saidy yielda'ble v means under tension.

4. The combination with an engine valve, of o ening and closing cams for saidvalve, a vsilve-actuatingmember. common 'to and Unbracing both :of said cams, and yieldable means-serving to permit the' valve-actuating member to yield in relation tothe valve and thereby prevent the bottoming. oi the closing'cam'in relation to the valve-actuating member, one 4of sald cams having. a

greater throw than the other forcompressing 'and' placing said yieldable means `:u nder tension.` v f' .5. The combination an engine valve,

' of o eningand closing-*cams for 'said'valve i a ve-@Ming member P0 We the cams :md v'alvwnv(Hating nwmb'eu when the valve is nnsentml. vune ntsnd cams 11M- ng a gl'emel thljow than: the other .tmfeom- 10 pressing and placing st .i'd' vieldallle mean under tension. y

In testimony fhereof l Hiv mysignature.

FRANK MMA/*ICAR 

